How to back up a seed phrase

BIP-39 seeds use a fixed 2,048-word list in which the first four letters identify each word (BIP-39), which is why short metal plates work.

1. Write each word by hand, numbered, on the device's card.
2. Confirm each word on the device screen.
3. Stamp or engrave the words onto stainless steel (full words or first four letters).
4. Check the metal copy against the paper, word by word.
5. Wipe and restore the device from the backup; confirm the same master fingerprint and first receive address.
6. Store it privately and destroy paper drafts after verification.

Never: photos, screenshots, cloud notes, email drafts, password managers, printers or voice assistants. Never type your seed into a website, phone or computer.

Do not cut a seed into partial word sets; it weakens it and makes recovery fragile. For more resilience use multisig. Full details are in our seed phrase backup guide.